DAT General Chemistry Equation Sheet
General Concepts
Gases/Gas Laws
Pressure: = /
Density: (d = m/v)
Dilutions: M
V
= M
V
(or C
V
= C
V
)
Average Kinetic Energy:
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
. .
=
⁄ ( )
% Error Calculations
2
− ℎ
3
Root-mean-square speed: = √
% =
100
ℎ
ɛ
Spectrophotometer: =
Gas Laws
Abs = Absorbance
=
Ideal Gas Law:
ɛ
= molar extinction coefficient (molar absorptivity)
1
∝
Boyle’s Law:
l = path length
∝
Charles’ Law:
∝ n
Avogadro’s Law:
Atomic Structure
1
1
2
2
=
Combined Gas Law:
Absorption/Emission Line Spectra: =
ℎ
1
1
2
2
ℎ
= ℎ =
Energy of a photon:
ℎ
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures:
=
+
+ ⋯
8
= 3.0 ∗ 10
⁄
=
∗
R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K
−34
ℎ = 6.63 ∗ 10
·
n = moles
=
= molar mass
Photoelectric Effect:
=
−
ℎ
r = rate of effusion
= ( )
Grahams Law of Effusion:
a and b are constants specific
to a given gas
1
2
= √
2
1
Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium
General Rate Law: = [ ]
[]
Acid-Base
−
⁄
Arrhenius Equation: =
= activation
pH Scale
energy
+
+
−
= −log [
]
[
] = 10
Equilibrium Constant:
R = 0.0821 L
atm/mol K
[]
=
=
−
−
−
[
] = 10
= −log [
]
[]
+
−
−14
[
][
] = 1 ∗ 10
+ = 14
Solutions
Weak Acids:
Concentration
+
−
[
] [
]
3
+
=
[
] = √
[]
[]
() =
/
= F.P/B.P
depression/elevation
Weak Bases:
constant
−
[
] []
=
−
[
] = √
[]
() =
= mole fraction of A
−
[
]
i = van’t Hoff Factor
R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K
∗
=
Henry’s Law:
=
[]
M = molarity, m = molality
−
[
]
Buffer: =
+ log
[]
Colligative Properties
= −
Freezing Point Depression:
Titration/Neutralization:
=
=
Boiling Point Elevation:
∗
=
Raoult’s Law (* = pure):
=
Osmotic Pressure: