Prime Or Composite Numbers Worksheet With Answers
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12PRIME OR COMPOSITE
Performance Standard 6B.E
Determine prime and composite numbers from one to 100 and arrange a composite number’s factors in a rainbow
pattern accordingly:
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Mathematical knowledge: Identify prime and composite numbers and know and use divisibility rules.
•
Strategic knowledge: Use strategies appropriately to determine prime and composite numbers and to arrange a
composite number’s factors in a rainbow pattern.
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Explanation: Explain completely and clearly what was done and why it was done.
Procedures
1. In order to investigate, represent, and solve problems using number facts, operations and their properties,
algorithms, and relationships (6B), students should experience sufficient learning opportunities to develop the
following:
•
Determine whether a number is prime or composite.
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Identify all the whole number factors of a composite number.
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Explore and use divisibility rules.
2. Provide each student with a copy of the two “Prime or Composite” recording sheets and the rubric. Have
students review and discuss the task to be completed and how the rubric will be used to evaluate it.
3. Review the divisibility rules with the students and have them complete the “Divisibility Rules” table.
Divisible
by
Number
2
3
4
5
6
9
10
540
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
no
no
no
346
621
no
yes
no
no
no
yes
no
2,690
yes
no
no
yes
no
no
yes
5,211
no
yes
no
no
no
yes
no
yes
yes
no
no
yes
no
no
4,002
6,732
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
9,017
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
yes
10,950
no
yes
no
no
no
no
no
12,579
4. Ask students to shade all composite numbers on the 100 chart and leave prime numbers blank. Composite
numbers may be determined using knowledge of multiples, divisibility rules, and a calculator, as well as
drawings of arrays on graph paper or making arrays with available manipulatives such as square tiles.
Prime numbers are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97
One is a factor of all numbers and is not considered prime. Two is the only even prime number. There are 25
prime numbers from 1 to 100.
5. Ask each student to pick a number greater than 40 and produce a rainbow pattern using its factors.
EXAMPLE: 48
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2 3 4 6
8 12 16
24 48
6. During the second class period, ask each student to find one three-digit prime number and justify in writing how
s/he determined it is prime. (Each student needs to find one three-digit composite number and show it is a
composite number by using a rainbow pattern and divisibility rules. Example: 359 is a prime number. The
way to find out is to find the square root of the number. Then divide the three-digit number by all the prime
numbers lower than its square root. If none divide evenly; then, the number is prime. The square root of 359 is
18.9. Divide 359 by 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17. All composite numbers can be factored into its prime
components. So, if a number is not divisible by the primes lower than its square root, it can’t be factored and is,
therefore, prime.)
ASSESSMENT 6B.E
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