Ap Chemistry Worksheet - Dr. Kathleen Gorski, Wilbraham And Monson Acaddemy Page 17
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248.85 For the following collection of nonmetallic elements, O, P, Te, I, B, (a) which two would
form the most polar single bond? (b) Which two would form the longest single bond? (c)
Which two would be likely to form a compound of formula XY
? (d) Which combinations of
2
elements would likely yield a compound of empirical formula X
Y
? In each case explain your
2
3
answer.
[8.103] The electron affinity of oxygen is -141 kJ/mol, corresponding to the reaction
-
-
O (g) + e
! O
(g)
The lattice energy of K
O 2238 kJ/mol(s). Use these data along with data in Appendix C and
2
Figure 7.9 to calculate the “second electron affinity” of oxygen, corresponding to the reaction
-
-
2-
O
(g) + e
! O
(g)
8.112 Average bond enthalpies are generally defined for gas-phase molecules. Many substances
are liquids in their standard state. (Section 5.7) By using appropriate thermochemical data from
Appendix C, calculate average bond enthalpies in the liquid state for the following bonds, and
compare these values to the gas-phase values given in Table 8.4: (a) Br – Br, from Br
(l); (b) C
2
– Cl from CCl
(l); (c) O – O, from H
O
(l) (assume that the bond enthalpy is the same as in
4
2
2
the gas phase). (d) What can you conclude about the process of breaking bonds in the liquid as
compared to the gas phase? Explain the difference in the values between the two phases.
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