participated in, or cooperated with, an
limitations. Each of these limitations is
you can claim to the amount you could
international boycott. See Form 5713 and
discussed separately below.
actually lose in the activity. These losses
the instructions for more information.
and deductions include a loss on the
Other limitations may apply to specific
disposition of assets and the section 179
deductions (for example, the section 179
Definitions
expense deduction. However, if you
expense deduction). Generally, these
acquired your partnership interest before
limitations apply before the basis, at-risk,
1987, the at-risk rules do not apply to
General Partner
and passive loss limitations.
losses from an activity of holding real
A general partner is a partner who is
Basis Rules
property placed in service before 1987 by
personally liable for partnership debts.
the partnership. The activity of holding
Generally, you may not claim your share
mineral property does not qualify for this
Limited Partner
of a partnership loss (including a capital
exception. The partnership should identify
loss) to the extent that it is greater than
A limited partner is a partner in a
on an attachment to Schedule K-1 the
the adjusted basis of your partnership
partnership formed under a state limited
amount of any losses that are not subject
interest at the end of the partnership’s tax
partnership law, whose personal liability
to the at-risk limitations.
year.
for partnership debts is limited to the
Generally, you are not at risk for
amount of money or other property that
The partnership is not responsible for
amounts such as the following:
the partner contributed or is required to
keeping the information needed to figure
•
Nonrecourse loans used to finance the
contribute to the partnership. Some
the basis of your partnership interest.
activity, to acquire property used in the
members of other entities, such as
Although the partnership does provide an
activity, or to acquire your interest in the
domestic or foreign business trusts or
analysis of the changes to your capital
activity, that are not secured by your own
limited liability companies that are
account in Item J of Schedule K-1, that
property (other than the property used in
information is based on the partnership’s
classified as partnerships, may be treated
the activity). See the instructions for Item
books and records and cannot be used to
as limited partners for certain purposes.
F on page 5 for the exception for qualified
figure your basis.
See, for example, Temporary Regulations
nonrecourse financing secured by real
section 1.469-5T(e)(3), which treats all
You can figure the adjusted basis of
property.
members with limited liability as limited
your partnership interest by adding items
•
Cash, property, or borrowed amounts
partners for purposes of section
that increase your basis and then
used in the activity (or contributed to the
469(h)(2).
subtracting items that decrease your
activity, or used to acquire your interest in
basis.
Nonrecourse Loans
the activity) that are protected against
Items that increase your basis are:
loss by a guarantee, stop-loss agreement,
Nonrecourse loans are those liabilities of
•
Money and your adjusted basis in
or other similar arrangement (excluding
the partnership for which no partner bears
property contributed to the partnership.
casualty insurance and insurance against
the economic risk of loss.
•
Your share of the increase in the
tort liability).
•
partnership’s liabilities (or your individual
Amounts borrowed for use in the
Elections
liabilities caused by your assumption of
activity from a person who has an interest
Generally, the partnership decides how to
partnership liabilities).
in the activity, other than as a creditor, or
•
figure taxable income from its operations.
Your share of the partnership’s income
who is related, under section 465(b)(3), to
However, certain elections are made by
(including tax-exempt income).
a person (other than you) having such an
•
you separately on your income tax return
Your share of the excess of the
interest.
and not by the partnership. These
deductions for depletion over the basis of
To help you complete Form 6198, the
elections are made under the following
the property subject to depletion.
partnership should specify on an
code sections:
Items that decrease your basis (but
attachment to Schedule K-1 your share of
•
Section 59(e) (deduction of certain
not below zero) are:
the total pre-1976 losses from a section
•
qualified expenditures ratably over the
Money and the adjusted basis of
465(c)(1) activity for which there existed a
period of time specified in that section).
property distributed to you.
corresponding amount of nonrecourse
•
For more information, see the instructions
Your share of the decrease in the
liability at the end of the year in which the
for lines 18a and 18b of Schedule K-1 on
partnership’s liabilities (or your individual
losses occurred. Also, you should get a
page 9.
liabilities assumed by the partnership).
separate statement of income, expenses,
•
•
Section 108(b)(5) (income from the
Your share of the partnership’s losses
etc., for each activity from the partnership.
discharge of indebtedness).
(including capital losses).
•
•
Passive Activity Limitations
Section 617 (deduction and recapture
Your share of the partnership’s section
of certain mining exploration
179 expense deduction (even if you
Section 469 provides rules that limit the
expenditures).
cannot deduct all of it).
deduction of certain losses and credits.
•
•
Section 901 (foreign tax credit).
Your share of the partnership’s
These rules apply to partners who:
•
nondeductible expenses.
Are individuals, estates, trusts, closely
•
Additional Information
The amount of your deduction for
held corporations, or personal service
depletion of any partnership oil and gas
corporations and
For more information on the treatment of
•
property (not to exceed your allocable
Have a passive activity loss or credit for
partnership income, credits, deductions,
share of the adjusted basis of that
the tax year.
etc., see Pub. 541, Partnerships, and
property).
Generally, passive activities include:
Pub. 535, Business Expenses.
For more details on the basis rules,
1. Trade or business activities in
see Pub. 541.
To get forms and publications, see the
which you did not materially participate
instructions for your tax return.
and
At-Risk Limitations
2. Activities that meet the definition of
Generally, if you have (a) a loss or other
Limitations on Losses,
rental activities under Temporary
deduction from any activity carried on as
Regulations section 1.469-1T(e)(3) and
Deductions, and Credits
a trade or business or for the production
Regulations section 1.469-1(e)(3).
of income by the partnership, and (b)
There are three separate potential
amounts in the activity for which you are
Passive activities do not include:
limitations on the amount of partnership
not at risk, you will have to complete
losses that you may deduct on your
1. Trade or business activities in
Form 6198, At-Risk Limitations, to figure
return. These limitations and the order in
which you materially participated.
your allowable loss.
which you must apply them are as
2. Rental real estate activities in which
follows: the basis rules, the at-risk
The at-risk rules generally limit the
you materially participated if you were a
limitations, and the passive activity
amount of loss and other deductions that
“real estate professional” for the tax year.
-2-
Partner’s Instructions for Schedule K-1 (Form 1065)