Eoct Review The Nature Of Science Page 4

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Mitosis
Meiosis
6. Identify these stages of Mitosis and number chronologically.
DNA AND GENES
1. Describe at least 3 main differences between DNA and RNA, including the full names of the molecules.
2. Fill in the chart by placing an X or check in the appropriate boxes:
TRAIT
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
Contains ribose
Contains deoxyribose
Double-stranded
Single-stranded
Involved in translation
Involved in transcription
Contains uracil
Contains thymine
Can be found in the nucleus
Made of nucleotides
3. Summarize the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
4. Explain the effect of mutagens. Explain why some changes in DNA structure are inherited and some are not.
5. Summarize the protein synthesis process, starting with the DNA. Use your codon chart.
DNA (sense)
TAC
AAA
CCA
TTG
CGA
AAT
AGA
TGA
ATT
mRNA
tRNA
Amino acid
MENDEL AND PATTERNS OF HEREDITY AND HUMAN GENETICS
1. Define important genetic terms
Dominant
Phenotype
Recessive
Homozygous
Alleles
Heterozygous
Genotype
Heredity
2. Explain the basic Mendelian genetic principles of:
Principle of Dominance
Principle of Segregation
Principle of Independent Assortment
3. Complete a Punnett Square and summarize the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the following:
•
Monohybrid – Cross two carriers for albinism (Aa, Aa)
•
Codominance - In Japanese Four O’Clock flowers, color is governed by incompletely dominant gene, red (R), and
white, (r). Cross two plants with pink flowers.
•
C
c
C
Sex-linked traits – Cross a female carrier for colorblindness and a male with normal vision. (X
X
, X
Y)
•
Incomplete dominance – White and red
•
Codominance in cattle. Cross two roan cows. (RW x RW)
4. Distinguish between autosomes and sex chromosomes.

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